Prairie Lotus

In this compelling, emotionally engaging novel set in 1880, a half-Chinese girl and her white father try to make a home in Dakota Territory, in the face of racism and resistance.

"Captivating." - The New York Times ★ "Fans of the Little House books will find many of the small satisfactions of Laura's stories…here in abundance. Park brings new depth to these well-trodden tales, though, as she renders visible both the xenophobia of the town's white residents, which ranges in expression from microaggressions to full-out assault, and Hanna's fight to overcome it with empathy and dignity…. Remarkable."—Kirkus, STARRED review
★ "Strongly reminiscent of Laura Ingalls Wilder’s novels in its evocative, detailed depictions of daily frontier life….[Hanna's] painful experiences, including microaggressions, exclusion, and assault, feel true to the time and place, and Park respectfully renders Hanna’s interactions with Ihanktonwan women. An absorbing, accessible introduction to a troubled chapter of American history."—Publishers Weekly, STARRED review
★ "In her latest middle-grade historical-fiction masterpiece, Park conjures the resourceful and industrious spirit of America’s westward expansion without ignoring the ugly veneer of racism….An incredible and much-needed addition to the historical-fiction canon."—Booklist, STARRED review
★ "Park’s novel is clearly in conversation with [Laura Ingalls Wilder's Little House books], from Hanna’s friendlier interactions with, and more thoughtful views about, members of the Ihanktonwan tribe to racist attitudes among LaForge’s townspeople, who object to Hanna’s presence in the school and blame her after a local man assaults her. But this novel stands on its own, with a vividly drawn protagonist in self-reliant Hanna." —The Horn Book Magazine, STARRED review
★ "A sometimes uncomfortable yet triumphant story from the world of 'Little House on the Prairie' told through a marginalized perspective; this is a must-read for middle grades and beyond." —School Library Journal, STARRED review
★ "Narrated by a smart, clear-sighted and tremendously likable protagonist, Prairie Lotus is a richly layered work of historical fiction set in a landscape that will be familiar to Little House on the Prairie readers….As one can expect from Park, Prairie Lotus's gorgeous, fluid storytelling carries the reader along swiftly to a satisfying conclusion.” —Shelf Awareness, STARRED review
 
"In this accessible exploration of a biracial teen’s prairie year, Park invites fellow Wilder fans to consider the struggle for respect and independence roiling beneath the iconic sunbonnet." —The Bulletin of the Center for Children's Books

1“SHOULD BE OUR LAST DAY,” Papa said when they stopped to make camp. He unhitched the tired horses from the wagon, then led them down a little draw to water, while Hanna began clearing the ground for a fire.
      They had journeyed for almost a month since leaving Cheyenne, their most recent stretch in near three years of travel. Three years without a real home. Tomorrow they would reach their destination: LaForge, a railroad town in Dakota Territory.
      Hanna was looking forward to cooking supper. They had been able to buy groceries in North Platte, but since then, it had rained for almost a solid week. They’d had to make do with meal after meal of stale biscuit and cold beans.
      She had put dried codfish to soak the night before. Soup, she thought. With onions and potatoes.       Papa returned with the horses and a bucket of water. He fastened the horses to their picket lines, then left again to gather some brushwood.
      “I’m going to make soup,” she told him when he returned to start the fire.
      “About time we had a hot meal,” he said.
      Hanna bristled at the note of petulance in his voice; the dreary weather of the past week was hardly her fault. But she said nothing, not wanting to start a row.
      “Sky’s clearing,” he said. “Maybe it’ll be easier to scare up a rabbit or something.” He went off with his gun on his arm, his long-legged strides covering ground quickly.
      Hanna watched him until he vanished behind a low rise. The endless prairie looked flat at first glance, but the land was never completely level. Rain had rinsed the gray and beige plains, leaving behind a translucence of green that was growing denser every day.
      She went into the wagon and opened her trunk. She took out a piece of plain brown wrapping paper, a pencil, a rubber eraser, and a well-worn magazine.
      The paper had been folded accordion-style several times and folded across twice. Opened out, the creases formed rectangles about two inches wide and three inches tall—three dozen of them.
      Hanna had used up about half the rectangles on one side of the paper. In each was a small pencil sketch of a dress. Housedresses, visiting dresses, dresses for church, even ball gowns. She had seen pictures of ball gowns in the Godey’s Lady’s Book magazine, and it was fun to draw the elegant garments, even though she would never have a chance to see or wear one.
      Now she leafed through an issue of Godey’s from last summer, the latest she had been able to get. On page after page, there were drawings of every kind of garment. Some were available ready-made; for others, paper patterns and instructions could be mail-ordered.
      She found pictures of two gowns that interested her. She took up her pencil and began to draw, combining the bodice of one dress with the skirt of the other. She also added a trimming of braid around the cuffs and hem of the bodice.
      She eyed the drawing critically. Something wasn’t quite right. The skirt was too full for the length of the bodice. She erased the skirt and drew it again, this time with a slimmer profile.
      Yes. Better.       For the past three years, Hanna had done all the family sewing. Papa bought his coats and jackets; she made his trousers, overalls, shirts, drawers, and nightshirts, as well as her own dresses and undergarments. Using paper patterns that had belonged to Mama, she knew how to adjust measurements to the correct size. She could backstitch, whipstitch, sew buttonholes; when she hemmed a garment or added trimming, her stitches were nearly invisible. With all that experience behind her, she was confident that she could make a dress of her own design, and she intended to try very soon.
      She loved sketching because it took all her attention; she could stop thinking about the rest of the world for a while. As for sewing, most of the time it was both soothing and satisfying. She hadn’t been able to draw or sew for several weeks now; riding in the wagon, it was too bumpy for fine work, and by the time they stopped to camp, it was almost always too dark.
      Before long, she had to put away her drawing things to cook supper. She lifted the three-legged cast-iron spider from its hook on one of the wagon bows; it was deep enough to make soup for two people. Spider in hand, she jumped to the ground, took a few steps, and stopped in mid-stride.
      A group of Indians stood in a loose semicircle between the wagon and the fire.
      Hanna had seen Indians from the wagon several times, but always at a distance. At such moments, Papa seemed watchful but not particularly worried. He told her that the government had forced the Indians in this region, most of them members of the Sioux tribe, off the wide-open prairie and onto tracts of land reserved for them. They were not allowed to leave that land without special permission from the reservation’s Indian agent.
      Hanna looked over the group quickly. Three women, the eldest with gray-streaked hair. A girl a few years younger than Hanna, and two little girls. The women were wearing faded blankets or shawls. They carried cloth sacks or bundles; one had a baby tied to her back.
      Mothers and daughters. Hanna thought at once of Mama. What would she say or do if she were here?       “Hello,” she said. “I was just going to make soup. Would you like some?”

Mama had been a great believer in soup. She could conjure delicious soups from nothing but scraps and bones, and she had taught Hanna the secret: One strongly flavored ingredient could make the whole pot of leftovers tasty, and you didn’t need much of it. Dried mushrooms, cabbage, and garlic were all good. So was dried fish.
      Hanna used the big pot instead of the spider. She cut up the potatoes smaller than usual, so they would cook more quickly. The Indians sat on the ground near the fire. Hanna was anxious to serve them, but she forced herself to wait until the potatoes were properly cooked through.
      She also found herself hoping that Papa wouldn’t return anytime soon. He might frighten them. Or maybe the other way round.       Hanna had enough spoons for her guests, but only four bowls. The oldest of the Sioux women seemed to be the group’s leader, so Hanna served her first. She glanced down at the soup in her bowl, then looked up, pursed her lips, and motioned with her chin toward Hanna.
      Hanna understood at once. She wants to be sure that I eat too.       She filled two more bowls and handed them out for the rest of the group to share. The fourth bowl was for herself. She sat on the wagon steps to eat, near the group but not with them.
      The women talked quietly among themselves.
      —Oyu’l waste
      —Sku’ya sni
      —Nina ota mnisku’ya kte hchin
      Hanna wondered what they were saying, but at least she could tell that they were enjoying the soup. After the oldest woman tasted it, she said something to the others. Then another woman had a bite and said something else. They each took a second taste and had further conversation. It was just like Mama’s friends in Chinatown, or the lady visitors at Miss Lorna’s boardinghouse: They were talking about the soup—the ingredients, the flavors.
      By the end of the meal, the two little girls had grown brave enough to draw closer to Hanna. When she smiled at them, they shrieked in delight and ran back to the others.
      The women rose to leave. Their leader addressed Hanna.
      —Wahan’pi kin nina waste, na pidamaya
      Her voice was quiet as she nodded at Hanna. Hanna nodded back, hoping it was the right response.
      Mama always gave guests food to take home. She turned and hurried to the wagon, found an empty flour sack, and put in a few fistfuls of dried beans, then returned to her guests. She handed the sack to the gray-haired elder.
      The old woman turned and had a brief exchange with her companions. One of them reached into her bundle, pulled something out, and passed it to the leader. She held it at shoulder height; it dangled from her hand.
      It looked like a string of small white onions, or perhaps bulbs of garlic, braided together by their stems.
      The old woman nodded at Hanna, then said something that sounded like “timp-sina.” She gave the braid a little shake.
      “Timp-sina?” Hanna repeated hesitantly.
      The little girls giggled, and the women smiled.
      “Timpsina,” Hanna said again, this time with more certainty.
      The old woman gave the braid to Hanna, who examined it with interest. The white tubers were clearly some kind of vegetable. The largest, at the bottom, were as big as a child’s fist. They tapered in size along the length of the braid, the smallest about the size of a walnut. She touched one of them. It was rock hard.
      They’ve been dried, like Mama used to do with mushrooms.       She looked up to see the old woman watching her closely. The woman pursed her lips again; this time she jerked her chin toward the kettle on the fire.
      It’s as if she’s pointing with her lips, Hanna thought. “I cook them in water?” she asked. She pointed at the kettle.
      Shaking her head, the woman motioned toward the kettle again, and then toward the sky, tracing the path of the sun from east to west. She held up three fingers.
      “Three days?” Hanna said. She can’t possibly mean to cook them for three days. Kettle—water—       “Oh! I should soak them for three days, before I cook them?” She made appropriate gestures as she spoke.
      The old woman smiled and nodded. Then she waved toward one of the empty soup bowls.
      “Soak for three days and then use them in soup?”
      At that, the other women broke into murmurs of agreement, and the leader nodded again approvingly.
      “Thank you,” Hanna said. “Thank you for the—the timpsina.”
      The whole group laughed, and Hanna grinned at them.
      As the Indians departed, one of the little girls turned her head to stare at Hanna. Her eyes were very dark, almost black, and at the same time, bright with curiosity.
      Hanna and the girl looked at each other for a long time, until the Indians disappeared beyond a rise in the prairie.

Papa returned without any game. Hanna told him about the visitors.
      “Indians?” he said with a frown.
      “Women and girls,” she said quickly. “They gave me this.” She showed him the braid.
      “Prairie turnip,” he said. “Seen it before, in Kansas.”
      “What do they taste like?”
      Papa thought for a moment. “Half turnip, half potato. Tasty enough, as I recall.” A pause. “Good thing you fed them. Wouldn’t want any trouble.”
      Hanna let a moment go by; she didn’t want to sound impudent. “Not even a hint of trouble, Papa.”
      “You can’t be too careful when they don’t keep their distance,” he countered. “Minnesota, the Black Hills—we’re smack in the middle between the two.”
      She knew what Papa was talking about. For years there had been bloody skirmishes between the Indians and white people. Like many other tribes, the Sioux had signed a treaty with the US government, promising that white settlers would not encroach on Indian land. Every single treaty had been broken—by settlers, or the government, or both.
      “I don’t blame them for fighting back,” Hanna said. “It’s just not fair.”
      “That’s not the point,” Papa said. He made a wide sweep with his arm, almost a full circle. “Most of the land around here used to be part of the Great Sioux Reservation. They left it as it was, all wild and unfarmed, so why shouldn't folks settle there? The land ought to go to people who work to improve it. That means farming, railroads, businesses. Churches. Schools. You want those things, you gotta have somewhere to build ’em.”
      Hanna did want those things; she especially wanted to go to school. She wondered why it wasn’t possible for whites and Indians to share the land somehow. But she already knew from living in California that most white people didn’t like having neighbors—Chinese, Indians, Mexicans—who weren’t white themselves.
      Hanna wrapped the prairie turnips in a clean feed sack.
      Her next thought surprised her. They all had black hair. I haven’t seen so many people with black hair since we left Chinatown in Salt Lake.       She drew in a long breath. And there won’t be any where we’re going, either.