Little Women

Little Women

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Introduction by Susan Cheever
Commentary by G. K. Chesterton, Katherine Fullerton Gerould, and Madeleine B. Stern
 
Nominated as one of America’s best-loved novels by PBS’s The Great American Read

It is no surprise that Little Women, the adored classic of four devoted sisters, was loosely based on Louisa May Alcott’s own life. In fact, Alcott drew from her own personality to create a heroine unlike any seen before: Jo, willful, headstrong, and undoubtedly the backbone of the March family. Follow the sisters from innocent adolescence to sage adulthood, with all the joy and sorrow of life in between, and fall in love with them and this endearing story. Praised by Madeleine Stern as “a book on the American home, and hence universal in its appeal,” Little Women has been an avidly read tale for generations. This Modern Library edition includes notes that offer more description and insight than those of previous editions.
 
Includes a Modern Library Reading Group Guide"The American female myth."
—Madelon BedellLouisa May Alcott was born in 1832 in Pennsylvania and grew up in Concord, Massachusetts. She is best known for her books for children. The daughter of philosopher and reformer Amons Bronson Alcott, she was also a supporter of women’s rights and an abolitionist. Family debts led her to write the autobiographical novel Little Women (1868). The book was a huge success, followed by Little Men, An Old-Fashioned Girl, and several other novels.

Susan Cheever is the author of Home Before Dark, Note Found in a Bottle, As Good as I Could Be, and My Name Is Bill. She lives in New York City.

1. In the first two chapters, the girls use John Bunyan’s The Pilgrim’s Progress as a model for their own journey to becoming "little women." What was Alcott trying to say by using such a strongly philosophical piece of literature as the girls’ model?

2. What purpose does Beth’s death serve? Was Alcott simply making a sentimental novel even more so, or was this a play on morality and philosophy? Do you think Beth was intended to be a Christ figure?

3. Consider the fact that Beth will never reach sexual maturity or marry. What do you think this says about the institution of marriage and, more important, about womanhood?

4. Consider Jo’s writing: While we are treated to citations from "The Pickwick Portfolio" and the family’s letters to one another, we are never presented with an excerpt from Jo’s many literary works, though the text tells us they are quite successful. Why is this?

5. Do you find it surprising that once Laurie is rejected by Jo, he falls in love with Amy? Do you feel his characterization is complete and he is acting within the "norm" of the personality Alcott has created for him, or does Alcott simply dispose of him once our heroine rejects him?

6. Some critics argue that the characters are masochistic. Meg is the perfect little wife, Amy is the social gold digger, and Beth is the eternally loving and patient woman. Do you believe these characterizations are masochistic? If so, do you think Alcott could have characterized them any other way while maintaining the realism of the society she lived in? And if this is true, what of Jo’s character?

7. The last two chapters find Jo setting aside her budding literary career to run a school with her husband. Why do you think Alcott made her strongest feminine figure sacrifice her own life plans for her husband’s?

8. Alcott was a student of transcendentalism. How and where does this philosophy affect Alcott’s writing, plot, and characterization?

9. Do you believe this is a feminine or a feminist piece of work?

Playing Pilgrims

"Christmas won’t be Christmas without any presents,"grumbled Jo, lying on the rug.

"It’s so dreadful to be poor!"sighed Meg, looking down at her old dress.

"I don’t think it’s fair for some girls to have lots of pretty things, and other girls nothing at all," added little Amy, with an injured sniff.

"We’ve got father and mother, and each other, anyhow,"said Beth, contentedly, from her corner.

The four young faces on which the firelight shone brightened at the cheerful words, but darkened again as Jo said sadly?

"We haven’t got father, and shall not have him for a long time." She didn’t say "perhaps never,"but each silently added it, thinking of father far away, where the fighting was.

Nobody spoke for a minute; then Meg said in an altered tone, "You know the reason mother proposed not having any presents this Christmas, was because it’s going to be a hard winter for every one; and she thinks we ought not to spend money for pleasure, when our men are suffering so in the army. We can’t do much, but we can make our little sacrifices, and ought to do it gladly. But I am afraid I don’t;"and Megshook her head, as she thought regretfully of all the pretty things she wanted.

"But I don’t think the little we should spend would do any good. We’ve each got a dollar, and the army wouldn’t be much helped by our giving that. I agree not to expect anything from mother or you, but I do want to buy Undine and Sintram for myself; I’ve wanted it so long,’said Jo, who was a bookworm.

"I planned to spend mine in new music,"said Beth, with a little sigh, which no one heard but the hearth-brush and kettle-holder.

"I shall get a nice box of Faber’s drawing pencils; I really need them," said Amy, decidedly.

"Mother didn’t say anything about our money, and she won’t wish us to give up everything. Let’s each buy what we want, and have a little fun; I’m sure we grub hard enough to earn it,"cried Jo, examining the heels of her
boots in a gentlemanly manner.

"I know I do, teaching those dreadful children nearly all day, when I’m longing to enjoy myself at home," began Meg, in the complaining tone again.

"You don’t have half such a hard time as I do," said Jo. "How would you like to be shut up for hours with a nervous, fussy old lady, who keeps you trotting, is never satisfied, and worries you till you”e ready to fly out of the window or box her ears?"

"It’s naughty to fret, but I do think washing dishes and keeping things tidy is the worst work in the world. It makes me cross; and my hands get so stiff, I can’t practise good a bit." And Beth looked at her rough hands with a sigh that any one could hear that time.

"I don’t believe any of you suffer as I do," cried Amy; "for you don’t have to go to school with impertinent girls, who plague you if you don’t know your lessons, and laugh at your dresses, and label your father if he isn’t rich, and insult you when your nose isn’t nice."

"If you mean libel I’d say so, and not talk about labels, as if pa was a pickle-bottle," advised Jo, laughing.US

Additional information

Weight 14.2096 oz
Dimensions 1.1000 × 5.1500 × 8.0500 in
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Subjects

classic literature, civil war, saga, historical fiction, poverty, JUV026000, literary fiction, kids books ages 9-12, american literature, louisa may alcott, Sisters, classic childrens books, classic books, historical novels, books for girls age 9 12, little woman book, little women, little women book, little women by louisa may alcott, new england, marriage, relationships, family, tragedy, classic, romance, love, drama, classics, Friendship, grief, JUV039220, books for girls, young adult, coming of age, books for kids age 9 12, adventure, 1800s